中国科学院大学 国际学院

Overview of Recent Development in Physics

The goal of this course is to give students a simple overview of the most recent development in physics. The emphasis is on the conceptual understanding rather than the technical details. It will cover the following 3 main areas of physics: high energy physics, condensed matter physics and astrophysics as described below;

A)     High Energy Physics -------- September 26 to Oct 17

Topics include:

1.       Standard Model of Electroweak and Strong Interaction

2.       Neutrino Oscillations

3.       Beyond Standard Model physics—Grand Unification, String Theory, …..

Instructor --- Professor Ling-Fong Li, UCAS,   lfli@cmu.edu.

B)     Condensed Matter Physics -------- October 24 to November 21

Topics include:

1.       Cold Atom

2.       Nano Material

3.       High Tc Superconductor

Instructor --- Professor Shao-Jing Qin, Institute of Theoretical Physics, qsj@itp.ac.cn

C)     Astrophysics -------- November 28 to December 26

Topics include:

1.       Dark Matter

2.       Dark Energy

3.       Inflationary Cosmology

4.       Galaxy Formation

Instructor ---Professor Li-Jun Gou, National Astronomical Observatories,  lgou@nao.cas.cn   

The grade for this course will be determined by the reports submitted by each student at the end of each of these periods, i. e., one report for high energy, one for astrophysics and one for condensed matter physics. These reports can either be a summary of all the topics in each area, or a report on some topics related to the course approved by the instructor. The length of the paper should be of order of 3 pages.

Course Title: Earth System Science

Part 3:Introduction to Geodynamics

2013 Fall Semester

Instructor:

Shimin Wang,

Professor of Geophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

E-mail: smwang@ucas.ac.cn

Course Description:

This course will introduce the field of geodynamics, the study of dynamical processes of the solid Earth. As such, it is rooted in fundamental physics and highly interdisciplinary. Mathematics is the central tool used to apply physical theories and create predictive models of the Earth. Geodynamics provides the quantitative foundation for the theory of Plate Tectonics, the basic organizing paradigm for our understanding of the solid Earth.

Text: 

D. L. Turcotte and J. Schubert, Geodynamics, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Preliminary Course Outline:

Week 1: Plate tectonics; Stress and strain in solids;

Week 2: Elasticity and flexure;

Week 3: Heat transfer;

Week 4: Fluid mechanics;

Week 5: Rock rheology; Faulting.

Course Syllabus

Course Title: Earth System Science

Class Instructor: Dr. Zhaodong Feng (call me: Jordan)

Phone: 189-0992-3334

Email: fengzd@lzu.edu.cn or fengzd@ms.xjb.ac.cn

Major Reference: Earth’s Climate: Past and Future (2^nd). By William F. Ruddiman (2008), W.H. Freeman Publication, New York

Minor Reference: Global Climate System (patterns, processes, and teleconnections). By Howard A. Bridgman and John E. Oliver (2006), Cambridge University Press, New York.

Course Goals:

Earth systems science views Earth as a physical system of interrelated phenomena, governed by complex processes involving the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and. biosphere. The Earth system science approach emphasizes relevant interactions of chemical, physical, biological and dynamical processes that extend over spatial scales from microns to the size of planetary orbits, and over time scales of milliseconds to billions of years. The Earth systems approach has become widely accepted as a framework posing disciplinary and interdisciplinary questions in relationship to humankind.

The aim of this class is to guide the students through a comprehensive understanding of the earth systems by adopting systematic and holistic approaches to the earth’s climate. First, interactions among the four major spheres are digested from climatologic point of view. Second, the interactions among sub-systems of the earth’s climate are tackled from energy-balance perspective. Third, the different time-scales and different spatial scales are thoroughly dealt with from geological perspectives. Finally, human forcing factors and the consequences are thoroughly investigated and future scenarios are discussed based on modeling results. The students upon completing this class are expected to be capable to conduct a sound scientific research on climate change or able to make a scientifically sound decision on environment management related issues.

Course Objectives:

This course is designed to provide a systematic knowledge regarding global environmental change so that the knowledge can serve as a foundation for further scientific research or as a decision-making reference for practical applications. The course will first focus on the present interactions among the four spheres by bringing the newest findings of the Earth’s System research into the class. The course then explores the long-term patterns of the Earth’s System change by presenting the newest data from deep-sea cores, ice cores, and terrestrial sequences. After understanding the current spatial patterns and the long-term temporal patterns, future changes will be discussed based on modeling predictions. Finally, the socio-economic perspectives of the global environmental changes will also be presented to the students.

Attendance Policy:

(1) If you miss 20% of lectures (calculated as the ratio of your missed hours over the total hours of this class), you will automatically get F; (2) 6 points will be deducted for each one of recorded absences from the total of 100 points after your 1-excused absence; (3) medical-resulted and extracurricular-caused absences are also counted as absences.

Examinations:

1^st Exam (20 points): on Meteorology and Modern Climate Systems

2^nd Exam (25 points): on Climatic Evolution and Long-term Mechanisms

3^rd Exam (25 points): on Human Impacts and Future Climates

4^th Exam (30 points): Presentation (15 points) and Final Paper (25 points) on current “hotspot” issues.

Grading Scales:

100-90 = A

89-85 = B+

84-80 = B

79-75 = C+

74-70 = C

69-60 = D

<60 = F

Course Contents:

_________________________________________________________________________

Topics of presentations and final papers include (not limited to):

(1) Past climate changes,

(2) Current climate crisis,

(3) Biological responses to climate changes,

(4) Human forcing factors and responses,

(5) Climate changes and energy politics,

(6) Climate changes and water resources,

(7) Climate Change and Socioeconomic.

__________________________________________________________________________

Requirements for Final Paper:

(1) Single-spaced, time font, 12 size8-10 page writing including up to 3 figures,

(2) Following the format of Earth and Planetary Change (an example will be provided),

(3) References adequately cited and formatted according to the format of Earth and Planetary Change,

(4) 8-10 papers properly (cited) in the paper (properly cited means: the paper is cited for a justifiable reason).

_______________________________________________________________

Specific Point Allocation for PPT Presentation (15 points of the allocated 30 points):

(1)      Clarity of Verbal Communication and quality of PPT slides: 4 point

(2)      Introduction (Rationale or Logic or WHY): 3 points

(3)      Data Presentation (how did you get the data and what you got): 3 points

(4)      Data Analysis or data review or data critics: 3 point

(5)      Conclusions (are they clearly stated? Do data support your conclusions?): 2 point

_______________________________________________________________

Specific Point Allocation for Final Paper (15 points of the allocated 30 points):

(1)   Introduction (Rationale or Logic or WHY): 5 points

(2)   Data Presentation (how did you get the data and what you got): 4 points

(3)   Data Analysis or data review or data critics: 3 points

(4)   Conclusions (are they clearly stated? Do data support your conclusions?): 3 points

Course Syllabus: Earth’s Climate Change

Instructors:

Dr. Juzhi Hou, email: houjz@itpcas.ac.cn

Dr. Daniel R. Joswiak, email: daniel@itpcas.ac.cn

Required textbook:

Earth's Climate: Past and Future by William F. Ruddiman

Reading materials:

Paleoclimatology - Reconstructing Climates of the Quaternary by Raymond S. Bradley

Objectives:

This course aims to provide students an outline of Earth’s Climate from billion years ago to present and near future. The course will discuss the climate changes at tectonic-scale, to orbital-scale, to deglacial, to historical and future.

The objectives of this course include:

1.      Learning how climate scientists solve problems;

2.      Understanding of the components of the Earth’s climate system and their feedback;

3.      Familiar with the climate changes at different time scales and their causes;

4.      Understanding of the role of CO₂ in the climate systems;

5.      Understanding of the orbital monsoon hypothesis.

Preliminary schedule:

Part I: Frame of climate science, 2 lectures in 2 weeks,

Part II: Tectonic-scale climate change, 2 lectures in 2 weeks,

Part III: Orbital-scale climate change, 2 lectures in 2 weeks,

Part IV: Deglacial climate change, 2 lectures in 2 weeks,

Part V: Historical and future climate change, 2 lectures in 2 weeks,

Part VI: Final exam.

Course title

Functional Nanostructure: Synthesis, Characterizations and Device Applications

Credits: 2

Instructor(s)-in-charge:

Prof. Jun He, Prof. Zhixiang Wei and Prof. Liming Xie

Course type:

Lecture

Course Schedule:

4 hrs/week by instructor. 1 hr/week by teaching assistant.

Course Assessment:

Homework: 12 assignments

Grading Policy:

Typically 40% homework, 40% each midterm, 20% final.

Course Prerequisites:

Solid state physics, semiconductor physics, general chemistry，physical chemistry

Catalog Description:

This course includes three sections: inorganic semiconductor nanostructures, organics functional nanostructure and characterization of nanomaterials. The first section provides atoms-to-device introduction to the latest semiconductor quantum heterostructures. It covers nanostructures growth, their electronic, optical, and transport properties, their role in exploring new physical phenomena, and their utilization in devices. For the second part, By studying of this section, student should know the history and principles of organic electronics, understand how to use various strategies to produce organic functional nanomaterials, get the ideas how to construct useful organic electronic and optoelectronic devices, including filed effect transistors, light emitting diodes, and photovoltaics. The third provides Electron microscopic characterization of nanomaterials, Spectroscopic characterization of nanomaterials and some latest pplications of nanomaterials in nanomedicine.

Schedule of the course

Contents of the course

Section 1: Low dimensional semiconductors

1.       History and principles organic electronics

(1)   History of modern physics

(2)   The origin of conducting and semiconducting properties of low dimensional semiconductor

2.       Growth technique of Low dimensional semiconductors

(1)   Molecul;ar beam epitaxy

(2)   Metal-organic Chemical Vapor Deposition

(3)   Chemical Vapor Deposition

3.       Properties and application of Low dimensional semiconductors

(1)   Opto-electronic devices

(2)   Solar and Environmental applications

(3)   Nanogenerator and others

Section 2: Organic functional materials

4.       History and principles organic electronics

(1)   History of organic electronics

(2)   The origin of conducting and semiconducting properties of organic functional materials

5.       Preparation of organic functional nanomaterials

(1)   Self-assembly of organic functional nanomaterials

(2)   Fabrication method of organic electronic devices

6.       Properties and application

(1)   organic filed effect transistors

(2)   organic light emitting diodes

(3)   organic photovoltaics

Section 3: Characterization of nanomaterials

7.       Electron microscopic (EM) characterization of nanomaterials

(1)   Introduction to transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron diffraction and related techniques

(2)   Examples using electron microscopy to characterize nanomaterials (such as nanowires, quantum dots, graphene, carbon nanotubes)

(3)   By studying of this section, student will know the principle of EM and its applications in nanomaterial characterization.

8.       Spectroscopic characterization of nanomaterials

(1)   Introduction to FL, Raman and IR

(2)   Examples using FL, Raman and IR to characterize nanomaterials (such as nanowires, quantum dots, graphene, carbon nanotubes)

(3)   By studying of this section, student will know the principle of FL, Raman and IR and their application in nanomaterial characterization.

9.       Applications of nanomaterials in biomedicine

(1)   Nanomaterials as imaging probes

(2)   Nanomaterials as drug carriers

(3)   By studying of this section, student will get a brief idea about broad applications of nanomaterials in nanomedicine.

Textbook and any related course material:

Low dimensional semiconductor structures: fundamental and device applications

Edited by Keith Barnham and Dimitri Vvedensky

Organic Electronics, Materials, Processing, Electronics, and Apllications

Edited by Franky So

Characterization of Materials, edited by Elton N. Kaufmann (editor-in-chief), Wiley-Interscience.

Transmission Electron Microscopy, edited by David B. Williams and C. Barry Carter, Springer.

Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, third edition, edited by Joseph R. Lakowicz, Springer.

Introductory Raman Spectroscopy, second edition, edited by John R. Ferraro, Kazuo Nakamoto and Chris W. Brown, Elsevier.

Expected level of proficiency from students entering the course:

Mathematics: strong

Physics: strong

Chemistry: strong

Syllabus of Spectroscopic Analysis

《波谱分析》课程教学大纲

Name：Spectroscopic Analysis      

Course type: Basic course for chemistry or related field         

Teaching object：Graduated Students in Chemistry or related field                         

Class hour：80

Professor：Xu Jingwei 徐经伟                                 

Course time：Oct. 2013 to Nov. 2013

1) Purpose of this course

Spectroscopic analysis means the analysis of spectra that results from the interaction of radiation and samples for the determination of the characters of the samples. These characters include the chemical constitutes, contents of different components, structure and geometric isomer of the molecular, reaction mechanism and process. Spectroscopic analysis is fast, correct, sensitive and repeatable. It is wildly used in chemistry, pharmaceuticals, chemical engineering, environment, food fields and others.  The main instruments used in spectroscopic analysis are infrared (IR), Raman, NMR, UV and MS spectrometers.

The teaching objects of this course are graduate students in chemistry or related fields. By studying of this course, students should understand the principles and application of spectroscopic analysis, and are able to analyze related spectra and to obtain related information and conclusions by the analysis. This course is taught by PPT and has a final exam.

The contents of this course include principle and application of IR, Raman, NMR, UV and mass spectroscopy. The main reference books are following:

1. 徐经伟，牛利，高翔，崔勐，《波谱分析》Spectroscopic Analysis，科学出版社出版，2013  波谱分析，

2. Norman B Colthup, Lawrence H Daly and Stephen E Wierley, Introduction to Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy, Third Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 1990.

3. K Nakanoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Coumpounds, Sixth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2009.

4. L A Woodward, Introduction to the Theory of Molecular Vibrations and Vibrational Spectroscopy. Oxford University Press, Ely House, London, 1972.

5. Cotter R J. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: instrumentation and applications in biological research; ACS: Washington, DC,1997.

6. J Cavanagh, W J Fairbrother et al, Protein NMR Spectroscopy, Principles and Practice, Elsevier Inc. 2007.

7. H. Gunther，Harald Gunther, Harald G Nther，NMR Spectroscopy: Basic Principles, Concepts, and Applications in Chemistry，2^nd ed，John Wiley & Sons，1995. 

8. Pretsch, E.; Bühlmann, P.; Badertscher, M. Structure Determination of Organic Compounds, 4th Edition, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 2009。

2)  Schedule of the course

3) Contents of the course

Section one: Principle of NMR（1）

1. Introduction

2. Phenomenon of nuclear spin and nuclear magnetic resonance 

3. Boltzmann distribution and macroscopic magnetization

4. Rotating coordinate system and process of macroscopic magnetization in rotating coordinate system

5. Fourier transform

6. Pulse and free induction decay

7. Single pulse NMR experiment

By studying of section one, student should know the history of NMR, understand the concepts of nuclear moment, nuclear spin, macroscopic magnetization, grasp the principle of Fourier transform and single pulse experiment.

Section two: Principle of NMR（2）

  1. Quadrature detection

  2. Relaxation

2.1 Longitudinal relaxation

2.2 transverse relaxation

2.3 Determination of T₂ by Spin-echo

2.4 Mechanism of relaxation

  3. Shielding factor

  4. Chemical shift

  5. Pulse Fourier transform NMR spectrometer

  By studying of section tow, student should understand the principle of quadrature detector, mechanism of relaxation, concepts of shielding factor and chemical shift, know how the spectrometer to work.

Section three: proton NMR spectra（1）

1. Some aspects of proton chemical shift 

  1.1 Inductive effects

  1.2 Magnetic anisotropy

  1.3 Ring current

  1.4 Hydrogen bond

  1.5 Solvent and others

2. Proton chemical shift of organic compounds

  2.1 Alkane

  2.2 Alkene and alkyne

  2.3 Halohydrocarbon

  2.4 Alcohol and ether

  2.5 Aromatics

  2.6 Aldehyde and carboxylic acid

  2.7 Ketone and ester

  2.8 Amine, amide and nitro compounds

  2.9 Heterocyclic compounds

By studying of section three, student should understand how the chemical shift is varied under different conditions and know the basic chemical shift range for different organic compounds.

Section four: proton NMR spectra（2）

1. Scalar coupling

1.1 Mechanism of coupling

1.2 ²J_HH , ³J_HH and long-range coupling

2. Chemically equivalent and magnetically equivalent

3. Spin systems

4. Quantum mechanical treatment for coupling two spin system

5. Fist-order spectra

6. Complex spectra

Section five: Carbon-13 NMR spectra（1）

1. Nuclear magnetic double resonance and proton broad band decoupling

2. Overhauser effect

3. Inverse gated decoupling

4. Gated decoupling

5. Chemical shift of Carbon-13

Section six: Carbon-13 NMR spectra of organic compounds

1. Alkane

2. Alkene and alkyne

3. Halohydrocarbon

4. Alcohol and ether

5. Aromatics

6. Aldehyde and carboxylic acid

7. Ketone and ester

8. Amine, amide and nitro compounds

9. Heterocyclic compounds

Section 7: Density Matrix and product operator

1. Density Matrix

2. Liouville-von Neumann equation

3. Density matrix description of NMR experiment

  3.1 The one spin system

  3.2 The two spin system

  3.3 INEPT

4. Product operator

  4.1 Product operator description of INEPT and refocus-INEPT

  4.2 Product operator description of DEPT

Section 8: Two Dimensional NMR

1. General Aspects of 2D NMR

2. Heteronuclear Chemical Shift Correlation

3. Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation

4. Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Correlation

5. Heteronuclear Multiple-Bond Correlation

6. Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy 

7. Rotating Frame Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy

Section 9: IR Principle (1)

1. Classical Description for Diatomic Molecular Vibration

2. Quantum Description for Diatomic Molecular Vibration

  2.1 The Quantum Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator

  2.2 The Boltzmann Distribution

  2.3 The Anharmonic Oscillator

Section 10: IR Principle (2)

1. Rotating Spectra of Diatomic molecule

  1.1 Rotating Function and Energy of Diatomic molecule

  1.2 Rotating Spectra of Diatomic molecule

  1.3 Nonrigid Rotator

2. Vibrational and Rotating Spectra of Diatomic molecule

Section 11: The Theoretic Analysis of Multiple Atomic Molecular Vibration

1. Normal Modes of Vibrations

2. Normal Modes of CO₂

3. Internal Coordinates and Wilson FG Matrix

Section 12: Molecular Symmetry

1. Symmetry and Point Groups

2. Matrix Representation of symmetry operations

3. Irreducible Representation and Charchter Tables

4. The Number of Fundamentals of Each type

5. Select Rules

Section 13: IR Spectra of Organic compounds

1. Alkane

2. Alkene and alkyne

3. Halohydrocarbon

4. Alcohol and ether

5. Aromatics

6. Aldehyde and carboxylic acid

7. Ketone and ester

8. Amine, amide and nitro compounds

9. Heterocyclic compounds

Section 14: Raman Spectroscopy

1. Introduction

2. Principle of Raman Spectroscopy

  2.1 Classical theory of Raman Spectroscopy

  2.2 Quantum theory of Raman Spectroscopy

  2.3 Raman Spectra and Vibrational Energy

  2.4 Selective Rule

  2.5 Comparison of Raman with IR

3. Raman Spectrometer

4. Experimental methods of Raman Spectroscopy

  4.1 Fourier Raman Spectroscopy

  4.2 Resonance Raman Scattering

  4.3 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering

  4.4 Raman Imaging

Section 15: Application of Raman Spectroscopy

1. Polymers

  1.1 Structure and Conformation Analysis

  1.2 Deformation Analysis

  1.3 Liquid Crystal

2. Carbon Materials

  2.1 Graphite

  2.2 Carbon Nano-tube

  2.3 Fullerene

  2.4 Diamond

3. Biology

  3.1 Protein

  3.2 Cell

  3.3 Tissue

4. Pharmaceuticals

  4.1 Active Ingredient in Tablet and Capsule

  4.2 Crystal Structure Analysis in Pharmaceutical Preparation

  4.3 Raman Imaging for the Active Ingredient in Pharmaceutical Preparation

Section 16: UV Spectroscopy

1. Introduction

2. Energy Transition and Ultraviolet Spectrum

3. UV Spectra of Organic compounds

4. Structural Analysis by UV

Section 17: Mass Spectroscopy (1)

1. Introduction

  1.1 History of Mass Spectroscopy

  1.2 Mass Spectroscopy and Spectrometer

2. Ion Source

  2.1 Electron Ionization

  2.2 Chemical Ionization

  2.3 Field Ionization and Field Desorption

  2.4 Fast Atom Bombardment

  2.5 Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization

  2.6 Electrospray Ionization

  2.7 Desorption Electrospray Ionization

Section 18: Mass Spectroscopy (2)

1. Mass Analyzer

  1.1 Magnetic Mass Spectrometer

  1.2 Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer

  1.3 Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer

  1.4 Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer

  1.5 Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

2. Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

  2.1 Space Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

  2.1 Time Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

3. Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

  3.1 Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

  3.2 Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

4. Fragmentation Reaction

  4.1 Basic Concepts

  4.2 Fragmentation Reaction

  4.3 Analysis of Mass Spectra

5. Application of Mass Spectroscopy

  5.1 Structural Analysis of the Small Molecule

  5.2 Sequential Analysis of the Small Peptide

  5.3 Analysis of the Polymer

Section 19: Comprehensive Spectroscopic Analysis

1. Comprehensive Analysis of Deserpidine

2. Comprehensive Analysis of Methyclothiazide

Section 20: Final Examimation